Chalke Gate (Entrance of Great Palace) |
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Chalke (Bronze) Gate, rendered from Greek “Brazen House”, was the main vestibule of the Great Palace, so named either for bronze tiles of its roof or for its bronze doors. A famous icon of Christ was placed over the doors. Now lost, this imperial Gate originally facing the Augustaion, south of Hagia Sophia, was one of the most important architectural symbols of Constantinople. |
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Chalki (Heybeliada), stretching over 2.5 square kilometers, is the second largest island of the Princes' Islands complex, located between Antigoni (Burgazada), Pringipos (Büyükada) and Cape Maltepe on the coast of Asia Minor. For many centuries, the history of Chalki was closely related to the history of its great monasteries. Until the middle of the 19th century, the majority of the inhabitants were Greek fishermen. Nowadays, its Christian Orthodox population numbers around 100 people. |
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Chora of Byzantium (Antiquity) |
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The Megarian colony of Byzantium was surrounded by an extensive "chora", which extended from Selymbria and Bizanthe (Raedestus) in the west to the mouth of the Black Sea in the east-northeast. This area comprised several settlements, mainly of fishermen and farmers, as well as commercial posts of other Greek cities. The resources of this area were considerable and varied: fishing, wood felling, agriculture and commerce in particular secured prosperity for the city. |
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The Chrysotriklinos, built in the sixth century near the Sea of Marmara, was the main reception and dining hall of the Middle Byzantine imperial residence and the real heart and nerve centre of the Palace. |
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The Golden Gate is a portal near the southern end of Theodosius II's Land Walls of Constantinople. Not a normal city gate, it was the entry point for the triumphal processions of Byzantine Emperors into their capital, and, in later times, the basis for a fortress. |
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Greek Orthodox pious foundations in Constantinople |
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After giving a brief description of the legal framework to which Greek communal estates belonged during the 19th century, this article sums the legal developments after the 1935 Law, which equated the “pious foundations of the (Christian and Jewish) communities” with Muslim vakıfs. |
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The area that nowadays covers Hasköy has been known to be populated since at least the 6th century. During the Ottoman period it was populated by Orthodox Christians, Armenians and, mainly, Jews. After World War II, Orthodox population is radically diminished. |
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Land Walls in the Middle and Late Byzantine Constantinople |
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